The district was inaugurated on 15 August 1997 at M.M. Hills, one of seven new districts formed in Karnataka that day, carved out of the old Mysore district.[3]
It lies at the southern tip of Karnataka and covers about 5,101 sq km of the Southern Dry Zone, with north–south ranges of the Eastern Ghats.[2]
It borders Dharmapuri, Salem, Erode and the Nilgiris in Tamil Nadu and Wayanad in Kerala, with Mysuru, Mandya and Bengaluru on the Karnataka side.[2]
The district site lists 10,20,791 people in 509 villages and 130 gram panchayats, with a literacy rate of 61.43%.[4]
Industry centres on Kollegala, called the silk city for its handloom silk sarees; as sericulture declined, Mullur, Mudigunda, Mamballi and Hanur industrialised.[2],[3]
Invest India's One District One Product list names turmeric as the district's product, with stone work as its second.[6]
Bandipur, which the district lists as one of India's best-known tiger reserves, lies in Chamarajanagar; its forest office is 17 km from Gundlupet.[5],[3]